{"id":7703,"date":"2024-12-06T12:23:18","date_gmt":"2024-12-06T12:23:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/?p=7703"},"modified":"2024-12-06T12:23:18","modified_gmt":"2024-12-06T12:23:18","slug":"counting-using-deep-learning-regression-gives-value-to-ecological-surveys","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/?p=7703","title":{"rendered":"Counting using deep learning regression gives value to ecological surveys."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Find this article in link below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/356696504_Counting_using_deep_learning_regression_gives_value_to_ecological_surveys\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/356696504_Counting_using_deep_learning_regression_gives_value_to_ecological_surveys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>ResearchGate article<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many ecological studies rely on count data and involve manual counting of objects of interest, which is<br \/>\ntime-consuming and especially disadvantageous when time in the field or lab is limited. However, an<br \/>\nincreasing number of works uses digital imagery, which opens opportunities to automatise counting<br \/>\ntasks. In this study, we use machine learning to automate counting objects of interest without the<br \/>\nneed to label individual objects. By leveraging already existing image-level annotations, this approach<br \/>\ncan also give value to historical data that were collected and annotated over longer time series<br \/>\n(typical for many ecological studies), without the aim of deep learning applications. We demonstrate<br \/>\ndeep learning regression on two fundamentally different counting tasks: (i) daily growth rings from<br \/>\nmicroscopic images of fish otolith (i.e., hearing stone) and (ii) hauled out seals from highly variable<br \/>\naerial imagery. In the otolith images, our deep learning-based regressor yields an RMSE of 3.40 dayrings<br \/>\nand an R<br \/>\n2 of 0.92. Initial performance in the seal images is lower (RMSE of 23.46 seals and R<br \/>\n2 of<br \/>\n0.72), which can be attributed to a lack of images with a high number of seals in the initial training set,<br \/>\ncompared to the test set. We then show how to improve performance substantially (RMSE of 19.03<br \/>\nseals and R<br \/>\n2 of 0.77) by carefully selecting and relabelling just 100 additional training images based on<br \/>\ninitial model prediction discrepancy. The regression-based approach used here returns accurate counts<br \/>\n( R<br \/>\n2 of 0.92 and 0.77 for the rings and seals, respectively), directly usable in ecological research.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7703"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7703\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7705,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7703\/revisions\/7705"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marinesites.nl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}